Recently, the Acting President, Professor Yemi Osibanjo, appointed him as the chairman of the Special Presidential Investigation Panel for the Recovery of Public Property.
Chief Obono-Obla speaks with SUNDAY EJIKE on the relationship between the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) and the Office of the Attorney General of the Federation (AGF) and Minister of Justice regarding the latter’s directives to the anti-graft agency to return the case files of high-profile corruption cases to it and other issues bordering on the administration of criminal justice in the country. Excerpts:
What is your general view of the judiciary in the country?
The judicial arm of the government is not very encouraging. I expect the judiciary to be upright, to have high integrity, because judges are representatives of God. When I quarrel with you and we have a misunderstanding, where do I go?
I go to the court, submit to the jurisdiction of the court, to the judge, who is expected to be upright, a man of integrity, a just adjudicator. To whom much is given, much is expected. It will be terrible for judges to compromise their position as representatives of God.
It will be the beginning of anarchy, if people lose confidence in the judicial system. An impartial judiciary will attract foreign investment, which will develop the economy of the country. Judges as well as lawyers should abide by the code of conduct for judicial officers.
What is the position of the law on the relationship between the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) and the Office of the Attorney General of the Federation (AGF)?
The EFCC is just a department of the Federal Government like the police and the armed forces. The constitution did not contemplate EFCC. The 1999 Constitution came into force on 29 May, 1999 and the EFCC was created by an Act of the National Assembly in 2004, so the commission was not contemplated.
READ ALSO: Anambra Church Killing: Why The Killers Are After Bishop's life - Kinsman
By the Act establishing the EFCC, is the commission under the supervision of the office of the Attorney-General of the Federation and Minister of Justice?
First, let me talk about the constitutional powers of the Attorney General of the Federation. The office of the AGF is created by Section 150 (1) of the 1999 Constitution (as amended). It says that there shall be government’s Attorney-General of the Federation who shall be a minister.
That is the only ministerial position that is specifically mentioned in the constitution. If you look at Section 174(1) of the constitution, it spells out the powers of the Attorney General of the Federation.
It says the AGF shall have the power to initiate, undertake criminal proceedings against anybody in any court of law in Nigeria in respect of an offence created by an Act of the National Assembly, except court martial.
Then, Section 174(b) talks about the AGF also having the powers to take over or continue any criminal proceedings initiated by any other person or authority in respect of an offence created by an Act of the National Assembly before any court of law in Nigeria.
For instance if the police file a criminal charge against me, the AGF can go to court and take over the matter.
The EFCC, ICPC, NAPTIP, Nigerian Customs Service, Nigeria Immigration Service and NAFDAC are all prosecuting agencies in the country, so, when they initiate any criminal proceedings in the country, the Attorney General has the powers, insofar as the offence which the person is being charged for is created by an Act of the National Assembly.
Also, the AGF is invested with the powers to discontinue or withdraw any criminal proceedings filed by any person or authority in respect of an offence created by an Act of the National Assembly.
If any criminal proceeding created by the Act is filed against anybody, the AGF can walk into that court and withdraw the case or file a notice of discontinuance. That is the powers of the AGF in the 1999 Constitution, as amended
The EFCC Act was not contemplated by the constitution. It was created by an Act of the National Assembly.
In short, it is inferior to the constitution, because when you look at Section 1(3) of the constitution, it says the constitution is the supreme law of the country, so any other law or regulation that is inconsistent with the constitution is void to the extent of that inconsistency.
You can see that the EFCC Act is an inferior Act.
However, under Section 43 of the EFCC Act, the AGF has the power to make rules and regulations for the EFCC. Pursuant to that Section 43, the former AGF, Mohammed Bello Adoke (SAN), made the EFCC Enforcement Regulation 2010. Administratively, the EFCC is under the supervision of the AGF.
In the administration of Criminal Justice Act (ACJA) 2015, Section 105 (1), the AGF can give directive to the police, EFCC, ICPC or any other prosecuting agency in respect of any of their functions, duties and responsibilities and they have to comply with the directive.
Then, under Section 105(3), the AGF has the power to request for any case file from any of the prosecuting authority in Nigeria, including the EFCC. That authority, person or prosecuting agency is under obligation to oblige the AGF.
Under Section 106 of ACJA, no agency can file any charge without the consent or permission of the AGF or any of his law officers working in his office. The AGF is the chief law officer of the federation and the chief prosecutor of the federation by the constitution and the ACJA.
Considering your enormous task as the Senior Special Assistant to the President on Prosecution, how do you intend to carry out the assignment of the Special Presidential Investigation Panel for the Recovery of Public Property, of which you are the chairman?
I am equal to the task. The new task will not conflict with my work as the presidential adviser on prosecution. I am very energetic…
These government properties are in the hands of people considered as high and mighty and you are going to confront them in the cause of your assignment, how do you intend to succeed?
My driving force is that the Federal Government has the will to take on anybody who has violated the law. The government is going to do the right thing.
We will enforce the rule of law. We are going to fight corruption. This government is ready to fight corruption, to take on the ‘high and mighty’. I don’t have any reason to be afraid.
READ ALSO: PROBE OVER MASSIVE FRAUD: Jonathan Betrayed, Abandoned Us - Ex-Ministers ...I Never Knew You Stole That Much - Jonathan
Recently, there was an altercation between the AGF and the EFCC over a directive by the AGF that the EFCC return case files of some high-profile corruption cases to the office of the AGF, has the EFCC complied with that directive?
There cannot be any altercation. It is in the constitution that the AGF is the chief prosecutor of the country.
Has the EFCC returned the case files?
Well, they will return them. Definitely, they will return them, because that is what the law says. Under the EFCC Enforcement Regulation 2010, which was made by the former AGF, which is applicable, the EFCC are obligated to forward to the AGF, a report of their investigation of a case or complaints, where that case is serious or complex.
They must forward that report to the AGF at the end of their investigation. Section 10(2) of the EFCC Enforcement Regulation gives instances of when a case is considered complex or serious.
If the value of the property involved exceeds N50 million, if the investigation requires special knowledge, for instance, when they are investigating banking fraud, security fraud, they are obligated to turn over the outcome of their investigation to the AGF.
If the case is of international dimension, it is public concern, they are also obligated. If it involves significant sums of money by a minister or a public body, they forward their report to the AGF.
If a case involves misconduct against a public officer or abuse of office, they must forward the outcome of their investigation to the AGF.
You can see clearly that the relationship is that of a superior authority and the EFCC cannot disobey a lawful directive by the AGF, like requesting for case files, which is within the power of the AGF, as contained in Section 105(3) of ACJA.
Has the EFCC been complying with the directives or instructions of the AGF in this respect?
Some of these cases have been pending since 2004 when EFCC was created. Some of the cases are about 13 years, 14 years old and I can mention them. The issue is that we have not seen the conclusion of these cases.
For instance, the cases against Chimaroke Nnamani, Peter Odili, James Ibori, just to mention three, where are those cases? You will remember that in 2006, the former chairman of the EFCC, Nuhu Ribadu, went to the National Assembly and told Nigerians that he investigated three state governors.
Those are some of the case files we are asking for so that the AGF can look at them and see what has been responsible for them not going on. Why are these cases still pending after more than 12 years? That is it. At the end of the day, if anything goes wrong, it is the office of the AGF that people will start blaming.
We saw it in the media when we lost about four of these cases concerning the corruption of highly exposed people in the country and the AGF was compelled to answer questions. We hope that the EFCC will comply with the directive because they have no choice. That is what the law says.
As a senior lawyer, what is your opinion on the way the EFCC goes about its investigation and prosecution of high-profile corruption cases?
I don’t have any misgivings. I don’t think the EFCC has done badly. Look at the recent statistics, for the first quarter of the year, the EFCC had 200 convictions. It is a good record. The fact that they lost three or four cases is not enough to write them off.
At least, they are doing very well, taking into account where we are coming from. We are coming from an era when there was no will to prosecute cases. Past governments did not have the will and this government has given the EFCC the latitude to carry out its statutory work.
I think the EFCC is doing well. I think there is nothing wrong with their investigation. I don’t want to subscribe to the narrative that the EFCC lost cases because of poor investigation. I don’t think so, except if cases are pursued to the Supreme Court.
READ ALSO: EFCC Allegedly Investigating CBN Deputy Governor, Bayo Adelabu Over Fraud With Deziani, Onasanya
Many are of the view that the cases for which the EFCC has secured convictions are not high-profile ones, what do you think?
They also had some convictions in respect of high-profile cases. What about the case involving a former governor of Adamawa State – although they have gone on appeal?
I will not subscribe to the view that most of the convictions are against people who are not politically exposed. Most of the 200 convictions have to do with politically exposed persons.
Even at that, Nigerians are looking up to the EFCC to do more in their investigation and prosecution of corrupt public officeholders. In what areas do you think the commission needs to improve?
EFCC is not the only agency that prosecutes cases, there are several others. However, the prosecution of high-profile cases is not easy. It is very expensive.
It takes time and the cases are sometimes disrupted by media propaganda to divert attention. Also, the lawyers defending politically exposed people employ a lot of tactics to stall the hearing of their corruption cases.
You cannot compare the prosecution of high-profile offenders with somebody who is not a politically exposed. It requires some skills and it is very expensive. You have to also look at the cost. Politically exposed people have money to hire senior advocates and they are very influential.
I give credit to this government for having the will to drag these politically exposed people to court. Four years ago in this country, the government didn’t have the courage and the will to go after politically exposed people. I believe in the next few months, we are going to see a lot of convictions.
READ ALSO: Why I Do Not Support Biafra – Charly Boy
There is a controversy over the appointment of Ibrahim Magu as the substantive chairman of the EFCC. The Senate has rejected his nomination based on some allegations against him by the State Security Service, what is your take?
I will go by the position of the Acting President on that matter. I don’t want to comment more than that. The Federal Government has taken a position. As far as that matter is concerned, we have an acting EFCC chairman. The president has the power to appoint an acting EFCC chairman. That is my position.
Are you an artiste? Do you want your music to go viral and reach a large number of audience? Promote your music and Submit your story on Ujuayalogusblog.com by clicking here. For Advert Inquiries Tel/+44(0)7590363984 Subscribe to Ujuayalogusblog.com News!
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 2015-2017 @ Uju Ayalogu's Blog NIGERIAN NEWS
For More:Visit Us at Uju Ayalogu's Blog
No comments:
Post a Comment